![]() Symptoms must be preesent in the early developmental period but may not become fully manifest until social demands exceed limited capacities, or may be masked by learned strategies in later life.)ĭ. Hyper- or hyporeativity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environmment (e.g., apparent indifference to pain/temperature, adverse response to specific sounds or textures, excessive smelling or touching of objects, visual fascination with lights or movement).Ĭ.Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus (e.g., strong attachment to or preoccupation with unusual objects, excessively circumscribed or perserverative interests).Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior (e.g., extreme distress at small changes, difficulties with transitions, rigid thinking patterns, greeting rituals, need to take same route or eat same food every day).Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects, or speech (e.g., simple motor stereotypes, lining up toys or flipping objects, echolalia, idiosyncratic phrases).Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, as manifested by at least two of the following, currently or by history (examples are illustrative, not exhaustive see text): Specifcy current severity: Severity is based on social communication impairments and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviorī. Deficits in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships, ranging, for example, from difficulties adjusting behavior to suit various social contexts to difficulties in sharing imaginative play or in making friends to absence of interest in peers.Deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction, ranging, for example, from poorly integrated verbal and noverbal communication to abnormalities in eye contact and body language or deficits in understanding and use of gestures to a total lack of facial expressions and nonverbal communication.Deficits in social/emotional reciprocity, ranging, for example, from abnormal social approach and failure of normal back-and-forth conversation to reduced sharinng of interests, emotions, or affect to failure to initiate or respond to social interactions.Persistent deficits in social comunication and social interaction across multiple contexts, as manifested by the following, currently or by history (examples are illustrative, not exhaustive see text): Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed. ![]() For example, many individuals previously diagnosed with Asperger's disorder would now receive a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder without language or intellectual impairment. These specifiers provide clinicians with an opportunity to individualize the diagnosis and communicate a richer clinical description of the affected individuals. WITHIN the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, individual clinical characteristics are noted through the use of specifiers (with or without accompanying intellectual impairment associated with known medical/genetic or environmental/acquired condition associated with another neuro-developmental, mental, or behavioral disorder), as well as specifiers that describe the autistic symptoms (age at first concern with or without loss of established skills severity). Because symptoms change with development and may be masked by compensatory mechanisms, the diagnostic criteria may be met on historical information, although the current presentation must cause significant impairment. In addition to the social communication deficits, the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder requires the presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts, including deficits in social reciprocity, nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction, and skills in developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships.
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